type

Obj

src abstract class Obj

Obj is the root class of all classes.

constructors

make

Obj constructor for subclasses.

methods

compare

Return a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer if this object is less than, equal to, or greater than the specified object

echo

Write x.toStr to standard output followed by newline.

equals

Compare this object to the specified for equality.

hash

Return a unique hashcode for this object.

isImmutable

Return if this Obj is immutable and safe to share between threads

toImmutable

Get an immutable representation of this instance or throw NotImmutableErr if this object cannot be represented as an immutable

toStr

Return a string representation of this object.

trap

Trap a dynamic call for handling.

typeof

Get the Type instance which represents this object's class.

with

This method called whenever an it-block is applied to an object.

Slot Details

compare

src virtual Int compare(Obj that)

Return a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer if this object is less than, equal to, or greater than the specified object:

this < that   =>  <0
this == that  =>  0
this > that   =>  >0

This method may also be accessed via the < <= <=> >= and > shortcut operators. If not overridden the default implementation compares the toStr representations. Also see docLang.

Examples:

3.compare(8)  =>  -1
8.compare(3)  =>  1
8.compare(8)  =>  0
3 <=> 8       =>  -1  // shortcut for 3.compare(8)

echo

src static Void echo(Obj? x := "")

Write x.toStr to standard output followed by newline. If x is null then print "null". If no argument is provided then print an empty line.

equals

src virtual Bool equals(Obj? that)

Compare this object to the specified for equality. This method may be accessed via the == and != shortcut operators. If not overridden the default implementation compares for reference equality using the === operator. If this method is overridden, then hash() must also be overridden such that any two objects which return true for equals() must return the same value for hash(). This method must accept null and return false.

hash

src virtual Int hash()

Return a unique hashcode for this object. If a class overrides hash() then it must ensure if equals() returns true for any two objects then they have same hash code.

isImmutable

src Bool isImmutable()

Return if this Obj is immutable and safe to share between threads:

  • an instance of a const class
  • the result of toImmutable on List, Map, or Buf
  • a Func object may or may not be immutable - see Func.
  • other instances are assumed mutable and return false

make

src new make()

Obj constructor for subclasses.

toImmutable

src This toImmutable()

Get an immutable representation of this instance or throw NotImmutableErr if this object cannot be represented as an immutable:

  • if type is const, return this
  • if already an immutable List, Map, Buf, or Func return this
  • if a List, then attempt to perform a deep clone by calling toImmutable on all items
  • if a Map, then attempt to perform a deep clone by calling toImmutable on all values (keys are already immutable)
  • some Funcs can be made immutable - see Func
  • if a Buf create immutable copy, see Buf
  • any other object throws NotImmutableErr

toStr

src virtual Str toStr()

Return a string representation of this object.

trap

src virtual Obj? trap(Str name, Obj?[]? args := null)

Trap a dynamic call for handling. Dynamic calls are invoked with the -> shortcut operator:

a->x        a.trap("x", null)
a->x()      a.trap("x", null)
a->x = b    a.trap("x", [b])
a->x(b)     a.trap("x", [b])
a->x(b, c)  a.trap("x", [b, c])

The default implementation provided by Obj attempts to use reflection. If name maps to a method, it is invoked with the specified arguments. If name maps to a field and args.size is zero, get the field. If name maps to a field and args.size is one, set the field and return args[0]. Otherwise throw UnknownSlotErr.

typeof

src Type typeof()

Get the Type instance which represents this object's class. Also see`Type.of` or Pod.of.

with

src virtual This with(|This| f)

This method called whenever an it-block is applied to an object. The default implementation calls the function with this, and then returns this.